/var/log/dmesg
커널 메시지 버퍼를 출력. 1. 서버 부팅시 시스템에 의해 기록되는 로그 2. 서버 부팅후 서비스 중 디스크 I/O 에러, 하드웨어 인식 기록 등.
USER
[master@zero-mini-server ~]$ dmesg -T
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] microcode: updated early: 0xc → 0x12, date = 2023-06-26
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] Linux version 4.18.0-513.9.1.el8_9.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-20) (GCC)) #1 SMP Wed Nov 29 18:55:19 UTC 2023
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=(hd0,gpt2)/vmlinuz-4.18.0-513.9.1.el8_9.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/rl_zero–mini–server-root ro crashkernel=auto resume=/dev/mapper/rl_zero–mini–server-swap rd.lvm.lv=rl_zero-mini-server/root rd.lvm.lv=rl_zero-mini-server/swap rhgb quiet
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/split lock detection: disabled
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x200: 'Protection Keys User registers'
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]: 576, xstate_sizes[2]: 256
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[9]: 832, xstate_sizes[9]: 8
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x207, context size is 840 bytes, using 'compacted' format.
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] signal: max sigframe size: 3632
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009dfff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009e000-0x000000000009efff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f000-0x000000000009ffff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000a0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000723d7fff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000723d8000-0x00000000754d7fff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000754d8000-0x00000000755a7fff] ACPI data
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000755a8000-0x0000000075667fff] ACPI NVS
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000075668000-0x0000000075ffefff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000075fff000-0x0000000075ffffff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000076000000-0x0000000079ffffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007aa00000-0x000000007abfffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007b000000-0x00000000803fffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000cfffffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fe000000-0x00000000fe010fff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed00000-0x00000000fed00fff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed20000-0x00000000fed7ffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ff000000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000047fbfffff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] efi: EFI v2.80 by American Megatrends
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] efi: ACPI=0x755a7000 ACPI 2.0=0x755a7014 TPMFinalLog=0x75615000 SMBIOS=0x75ccb000 SMBIOS 3.0=0x75cca000 MEMATTR=0x6c202818 ESRT=0x6e92a218 MOKvar=0x75cf8000 TPMEventLog=0x6a1bd018
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] secureboot: Secure boot disabled
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] SMBIOS 3.5.0 present.
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] DMI: Default string Default string/Default string, BIOS 5.27 06/05/2023
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] tsc: Detected 800.000 MHz processor
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] tsc: Detected 806.400 MHz TSC
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable =⇒ reserved
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] last_pfn = 0x47fc00 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] MTRR default type: uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 00000-9FFFF write-back
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] A0000-BFFFF uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] C0000-FFFFF write-protect
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] MTRR variable ranges enabled:
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 0 base 0000000000 mask 7800000000 write-back
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 1 base 007C000000 mask 7FFC000000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 2 base 0080000000 mask 7F80000000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 3 base 047FC00000 mask 7FFFC00000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 4 base 0480000000 mask 7FFE000000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 5 base 0482000000 mask 7FFF000000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 6 base 0483000000 mask 7FFF800000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 7 base 0483800000 mask 7FFFC00000 uncachable
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 8 disabled
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] 9 disabled
[화 12월 26 21:08:33 2023] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB WC UC- UC WB WP UC- WT